IrrLicht Example Learn: 04.Movement
/** Example 004 Movement
This Tutorial shows how to move and animate SceneNodes. The
basic concept of SceneNodeAnimators is shown as well as manual
movement of nodes using the keyboard. We'll demonstrate framerate
independent movement, which means moving by an amount dependent
on the duration of the last run of the Irrlicht loop.
Example 19.MouseAndJoystick shows how to handle those kinds of input.
As always, I include the header files, use the irr namespace,
and tell the linker to link with the .lib file.
*/
#ifdef _MSC_VER
// We'll also define this to stop MSVC complaining about sprintf().
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#pragma comment(lib, "Irrlicht.lib")
#endif
#include
#include
using namespace irr;
/*
To receive events like mouse and keyboard input, or GUI events like "the OK
button has been clicked", we need an object which is derived from the
irr::IEventReceiver object. There is only one method to override:
irr::IEventReceiver::OnEvent(). This method will be called by the engine once
when an event happens. What we really want to know is whether a key is being
held down, and so we will remember the current state of each key.
*/
/* 接收用戶輸入 */
class MyEventReceiver : public IEventReceiver
{
public:
// This is the one method that we have to implement
virtual bool OnEvent(const SEvent& event)
{
// Remember whether each key is down or up
if (event.EventType == irr::EET_KEY_INPUT_EVENT)
KeyIsDown[event.KeyInput.Key] = event.KeyInput.PressedDown;
return false;
}
// This is used to check whether a key is being held down
virtual bool IsKeyDown(EKEY_CODE keyCode) const
{
return KeyIsDown[keyCode];
}
MyEventReceiver()
{
for (u32 i=0; i
KeyIsDown[i] = false;
}
private:
// We use this array to store the current state of each key
bool KeyIsDown[KEY_KEY_CODES_COUNT];
};
/*
The event receiver for keeping the pressed keys is ready, the actual responses
will be made inside the render loop, right before drawing the scene. So lets
just create an irr::IrrlichtDevice and the scene node we want to move. We also
create some other additional scene nodes, to show that there are also some
different possibilities to move and animate scene nodes.
*/
int main()
{
// let user select driver type
video::E_DRIVER_TYPE driverType = video::EDT_DIRECT3D9;
printf("Please select the driver you want for this example:\n"\
" (a) Direct3D
" (d) Software Renderer\n (e) Burning's Software Renderer\n"\
" (f) NullDevice\n (otherKey) exit\n\n");
char i;
std::cin >> i;
switch(i)
{
case 'a': driverType = video::EDT_DIRECT3D9;break;
case 'b': driverType = video::EDT_DIRECT3D8;break;
case 'c': driverType = video::EDT_OPENGL; break;
case 'd': driverType = video::EDT_SOFTWARE; break;
case 'e': driverType = video::EDT_BURNINGSVIDEO;break;
case 'f': driverType = video::EDT_NULL; break;
default: return 0;
}
// create device
MyEventReceiver receiver;
/* 與之前不同的地方在於 最後一個參數 &receiver , 指定了當有外部輸入時執行 receiver 相應程式,
以獲取用戶操作訊息.
*/
IrrlichtDevice* device = createDevice(driverType,
core::dimension2d
if (device == 0)
return 1; // could not create selected driver.
video::IVideoDriver* driver = device->getVideoDriver();
scene::ISceneManager* smgr = device->getSceneManager();
/*
Create the node which will be moved with the WSAD keys. We create a
sphere node, which is a built-in geometry primitive. We place the node
at (0,0,30) and assign a texture to it to let it look a little bit more
interesting. Because we have no dynamic lights in this scene we disable
lighting for each model (otherwise the models would be black).
*/
/*
加入一個球體的節點
*/
scene::ISceneNode * node = smgr->addSphereSceneNode();
if (node)
{
node->setPosition(core::vector3df(0,0,30));
node->setMaterialTexture(0, driver->getTexture("../../media/wall.bmp"));
node->setMaterialFlag(video::EMF_LIGHTING, false);
}
/*
Now we create another node, movable using a scene node animator. Scene
node animators modify scene nodes and can be attached to any scene node
like mesh scene nodes, billboards, lights and even camera scene nodes.
Scene node animators are not only able to modify the position of a
scene node, they can also animate the textures of an object for
example. We create a cube scene node and attach a 'fly circle' scene
node animator to it, letting this node fly around our sphere scene node.
*/
/*
加入一個立方體的節點
*/
scene::ISceneNode* n = smgr->addCubeSceneNode();
if (n)
{
n->setMaterialTexture(0, driver->getTexture("../../media/t351sml.jpg"));
/* 設定材質顯示不計算光照 */
n->setMaterialFlag(video::EMF_LIGHTING, false);
/* 建立一個FlyCircle動作教本 */
scene::ISceneNodeAnimator* anim =
smgr->createFlyCircleAnimator(core::vector3df(0,0,30),
if (anim)
{
/* 將動作腳本套用到節點上 */
n->addAnimator(anim);
anim->drop();
}
}
/*
The last scene node we add to show possibilities of scene node animators is
a md2 model, which uses a 'fly straight' animator to run between to points.
*/
/*
加入一個md2 動態模型
*/
scene::IAnimatedMeshSceneNode* anms =
smgr->addAnimatedMeshSceneNode(smgr->getMesh("../../media/ninja.b3d"));
if (anms)
{
/* 建立一個FlyStraight動作教本 */
scene::ISceneNodeAnimator* anim =
smgr->createFlyStraightAnimator(core::vector3df(100,0,60),
core::vector3df(-100,0,60), 3500, true);
if (anim)
{
/* 將動作腳本套用到節點上 */
anms->addAnimator(anim);
anim->drop();
}
/*
To make the model look right we disable lighting, set the
frames between which the animation should loop, rotate the
model around 180 degrees, and adjust the animation speed and
the texture. To set the right animation (frames and speed), we
would also be able to just call
"anms->setMD2Animation(scene::EMAT_RUN)" for the 'run'
animation instead of "setFrameLoop" and "setAnimationSpeed",
but this only works with MD2 animations, and so you know how to
start other animations. But a good advice is to not use
hardcoded frame-numbers...
*/
anms->setMaterialFlag(video::EMF_LIGHTING, false);
/* 設定顯示模型動畫的 0 – 14 步驟 */
anms->setFrameLoop(0, 14);
/* 設定速度 單位為 格/秒 */
anms->setAnimationSpeed(15);
// anms->setMD2Animation(scene::EMAT_RUN);
/* 設定模型縮放 */
anms->setScale(core::vector3df(2.f,2.f,2.f));
/* 設定模型旋轉 */
anms->setRotation(core::vector3df(0,-90,0));
// anms->setMaterialTexture(0, driver->getTexture("../../media/sydney.bmp"));
}
/*
To be able to look at and move around in this scene, we create a first
person shooter style camera and make the mouse cursor invisible.
*/
smgr->addCameraSceneNodeFPS(0,
device->getCursorControl()->setVisible(false);
/*
Add a colorful irrlicht logo
*/
/* 加入背景圖片 */
device->getGUIEnvironment()->addImage(
driver->getTexture("../../media/irrlichtlogoalpha2.tga"),
core::position2d
/* 加入文字 */
gui::IGUIStaticText* diagnostics = device->getGUIEnvironment()->addStaticText(
L"jun test..", core::rect
/* 設定文字顏色 */
diagnostics->setOverrideColor(video::SColor(255, 255, 255, 0));
/*
We have done everything, so lets draw it. We also write the current
frames per second and the name of the driver to the caption of the
window.
*/
int lastFPS = -1;
// In order to do framerate independent movement, we have to know
// how long it was since the last frame
u32 then = device->getTimer()->getTime();
// This is the movemen speed in units per second.
const f32 MOVEMENT_SPEED = 5.f;
while(device->run())
{
// Work out a frame delta time.
const u32 now = device->getTimer()->getTime();
const f32 frameDeltaTime = (f32)(now - then) / 1000.f; // Time in seconds
then = now;
/* Check if keys W, S, A or D are being held down, and move the
sphere node around respectively. */
/* 取得球體節點目前的位置 */
core::vector3df nodePosition = node->getPosition();
/* 根據用戶的輸入改變球體的位置 */
if(receiver.IsKeyDown(irr::KEY_KEY_W))
nodePosition.Y += MOVEMENT_SPEED * frameDeltaTime;
else if(receiver.IsKeyDown(irr::KEY_KEY_S))
nodePosition.Y -= MOVEMENT_SPEED * frameDeltaTime;
if(receiver.IsKeyDown(irr::KEY_KEY_A))
nodePosition.X -= MOVEMENT_SPEED * frameDeltaTime;
else if(receiver.IsKeyDown(irr::KEY_KEY_D))
nodePosition.X += MOVEMENT_SPEED * frameDeltaTime;
/* 設定球體節點的新位置*/
node->setPosition(nodePosition);
driver->beginScene(true, true, video::SColor(255,113,113,133));
smgr->drawAll(); // draw the 3d scene
device->getGUIEnvironment()->drawAll(); // draw the gui environment (the logo)
driver->endScene();
int fps = driver->getFPS();
if (lastFPS != fps)
{
core::stringw tmp(L"Movement Example - Irrlicht Engine [");
tmp += driver->getName();
tmp += L"] fps: ";
tmp += fps;
device->setWindowCaption(tmp.c_str());
lastFPS = fps;
}
}
/*
In the end, delete the Irrlicht device.
*/
device->drop();
return 0;
}
/*
That's it. Compile and play around with the program.
**/
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